Scannen Sie IPP-Drucker im Netzwerk
Wenn Sie Ihre Druckerkonfiguration bereits kennen, können Sie diesen Teil überspringen.- Öffnen Sie Terminal auf einem macOS-Gerät.
- Führen Sie den folgenden Befehl aus, um alle über das Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) verfügbaren Drucker zu ermitteln:
ippfind
- Beachten Sie die Liste der erkannten Drucker und deren IPP-URIs.
Identifizieren Sie die IP-Adressen des Druckers
Wenn Sie Ihre Druckerkonfiguration bereits kennen, können Sie diesen Teil überspringen.- Führen Sie für jeden erkannten Drucker einen Ping-Befehl aus, um seine Verfügbarkeit zu überprüfen und seine IP-Adresse zu erhalten:
ping [printer-hostname]
[printer-hostname] durch den tatsächlichen Hostnamen, der von ippfind angezeigt wird
- Notieren Sie die IP-Adressen und die entsprechenden IPP-URIs.
Generieren Sie die mobileconfig-Datei
Wenn Sie Hilfe beim Generieren der mobileconfig-Datei mit dem Befehl „ippfind“ und „ping“ benötigen, können Sie dieses Skript auf Ihrem Mac ausführen, während Sie mit Ihrem Büronetzwerk verbunden sind. Die mobileconfig-Datei wird in Ihrem Terminal angezeigt.#!/bin/bash
# macOS + bash 3.2 compatible
# Discovers IPP printers and generates a .mobileconfig
# Dependencies: ippfind, ipptool, uuidgen, ping, nc, plutil, arp
# Usage:
# ./gen_airprint_profile.sh [-o file.mobileconfig] [-i com.profile.id] [-s CIDR]
# Example:
# ./gen_airprint_profile.sh -o Primo-AirPrint.mobileconfig -i com.getprimo.printer.airprint -s 192.168.1.0/24
set -euo pipefail
OUTPUT="AirPrint.mobileconfig"
ROOT_ID="com.getprimo.printer.airprint"
CIDR=""
TIMEOUT_DISC=5
PING_WAIT_MS=1000
while getopts ":o:i:s:" opt; do
case "$opt" in
o) OUTPUT="$OPTARG" ;;
i) ROOT_ID="$OPTARG" ;;
s) CIDR="$OPTARG" ;;
\?) echo "Invalid option: -$OPTARG" >&2; exit 2 ;;
esac
done
need() { command -v "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo "Missing required tool: $1" >&2; exit 1; }; }
need uuidgen; need ping; need plutil; need ipptool
# ippfind and nc are recommended; without ippfind the script will fallback to CIDR/ARP
command -v ippfind >/dev/null 2>&1 || echo "Warning: ippfind not found: mDNS discovery will be skipped."
command -v nc >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo "nc (netcat) is required for the network fallback."; exit 1; }
xml_escape() {
sed -e 's/&/\&/g' -e 's/</\</g' -e 's/>/\>/g' \
-e 's/\"/\"/g' -e "s/'/\'/g"
}
# -------- mDNS discovery via ippfind ----------
URIS=()
discover_mdns() {
[ -x "$(command -v ippfind)" ] || return 0
# --timeout varies across versions; try short IPv4 timeout when available
local out
if ippfind --help 2>/dev/null | grep -q -- '--timeout'; then
out=$(ippfind --timeout ${TIMEOUT_DISC} _ipp._tcp,_print _ipps._tcp,_print -q 2>/dev/null || true)
else
out=$(ippfind _ipp._tcp _ipps._tcp -q 2>/dev/null || true)
fi
if [ -n "$out" ]; then
while IFS= read -r line; do
[ -n "$line" ] && URIS+=("$line")
done <<< "$out"
fi
}
# -------- Fallback without mDNS ----------
# 1) Build candidate IPs: explicit CIDR (/24 only) or ARP table
candidates_from_arp() {
arp -an 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $2}' | tr -d '()' | grep -E '^[0-9.]+$' | sort -u
}
candidates_from_cidr() {
# Minimal /24 generator (e.g., 192.168.1.0/24); other masks are not supported here
local cidr="$1"
if ! echo "$cidr" | grep -qE '^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+/24$'; then
echo "Warning: Unsupported CIDR for this mini-scanner (only /24): $cidr" >&2
return 1
fi
local base="${cidr%/24}"
local net=$(echo "$base" | awk -F. '{print $1"."$2"."$3"."}')
local i
for i in $(seq 1 254); do echo "${net}${i}"; done
}
# 2) Probe port 631 and try common IPP paths
try_make_uri() {
local ip="$1"
local path
for path in "/ipp/print" "/.well-known/ipp" "/printers/print" "/ipp" "/printers/ipp"; do
if ipptool -T 3 -q "ipp://$ip:631$path" get-printer-attributes.test >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "ipp://$ip:631$path"
return 0
fi
done
for path in "/ipp/print" "/.well-known/ipp" "/ipp"; do
if ipptool -T 5 -q "ipps://$ip:631$path" get-printer-attributes.test >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "ipps://$ip:631$path"
return 0
fi
done
echo ""
return 1
}
discover_fallback() {
local candidates
if [ -n "$CIDR" ]; then
candidates=$(candidates_from_cidr "$CIDR" || true)
else
candidates=$(candidates_from_arp || true)
fi
[ -z "$candidates" ] && return 0
local ip uri
while IFS= read -r ip; do
[ -z "$ip" ] && continue
if nc -G 1 -z "$ip" 631 2>/dev/null; then
uri=$(try_make_uri "$ip")
[ -n "$uri" ] && URIS+=("$uri")
fi
done <<< "$candidates"
}
# -------- Collect attributes for each URI ----------
IPs=(); Ports=(); Paths=(); Names=(); Models=(); Locs=(); ForceTLS=()
extract_components() {
local uri="$1" scheme host port path ip name model loc
scheme=$(printf '%s' "$uri" | sed -E 's#^([a-zA-Z0-9+.-]+)://.*#\1#')
host=$(printf '%s' "$uri" | sed -E 's#^[a-zA-Z0-9+.-]+://([^/:]+).*#\1#')
port=$(printf '%s' "$uri" | sed -E 's#^[a-zA-Z0-9+.-]+://[^/:]+:([0-9]+).*#\1#')
path=$(printf '%s' "$uri" | sed -E 's#^[a-zA-Z0-9+.-]+://[^/]+(/.*)$#\1#')
[ -z "${port:-}" ] && port=631
[ -z "${path:-}" ] && path="/ipp/print"
ip=$(ping -c 1 -W ${PING_WAIT_MS} "$host" 2>/dev/null | sed -n '1s/.*(\\([0-9.]*\\)).*/\1/p')
[ -z "${ip:-}" ] && ip="$host"
name=""; model=""; loc=""
if ipptool -T 5 -q "$uri" get-printer-attributes.test >/tmp/ipp.$$ 2>/dev/null; then
name=$(sed -n 's/^printer-info[^=]*= //p' /tmp/ipp.$$ | head -n1)
model=$(sed -n 's/^printer-make-and-model[^=]*= //p' /tmp/ipp.$$ | head -n1)
loc=$(sed -n 's/^printer-location[^=]*= //p' /tmp/ipp.$$ | head -n1)
rm -f /tmp/ipp.$$
fi
[ -z "$name" ] && name="$host"
[ -z "$model" ] && model="$name"
IPs+=("$ip"); Ports+=("$port"); Paths+=("$path");
Names+=("$name"); Models+=("$model"); Locs+=("$loc");
if [ "$scheme" = "ipps" ]; then ForceTLS+=("true"); else ForceTLS+=("false"); fi
}
# --------- RUN ----------
discover_mdns
if [ ${#URIS[@]} -eq 0 ]; then
echo "No printer visible via mDNS (ippfind). Attempting network discovery…"
discover_fallback
fi
if [ ${#URIS[@]} -eq 0 ]; then
echo "No IPP printer found" >&2
exit 1
fi
# Remove duplicates / keep stable order
tmp_uniq="$(mktemp)"
printf "%s\n" "${URIS[@]}" | awk '!seen[$0]++' > "$tmp_uniq"
URIS=()
while IFS= read -r line; do [ -n "$line" ] && URIS+=("$line"); done < "$tmp_uniq"
rm -f "$tmp_uniq"
# Gather attributes
i=0
while [ $i -lt ${#URIS[@]} ]; do
extract_components "${URIS[$i]}"
i=$((i+1))
done
# --------- Generate .mobileconfig ----------
PROFILE_UUID=$(uuidgen)
AIRPRINT_UUID=$(uuidgen)
MCX_UUID=$(uuidgen)
TMP="$(mktemp /tmp/airprint.XXXXXX.mobileconfig)"
{
cat <<'XML'
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>PayloadContent</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>AirPrint</key>
<array>
XML
idx=0
for uri in "${URIS[@]}"; do
ft="${ForceTLS[$idx]}"; ip="${IPs[$idx]}"; port="${Ports[$idx]}"; path="${Paths[$idx]}"
printf ' <dict>\n'
printf ' <key>ForceTLS</key>\n'
[ "$ft" = "true" ] && printf ' <true/>\n' || printf ' <false/>\n'
printf ' <key>IPAddress</key>\n'
printf ' <string>%s</string>\n' "$(printf '%s' "$ip" | xml_escape)"
printf ' <key>Port</key>\n'
printf ' <integer>%s</integer>\n' "$port"
printf ' <key>ResourcePath</key>\n'
printf ' <string>%s</string>\n' "$(printf '%s' "$path" | xml_escape)"
printf ' </dict>\n'
idx=$((idx+1))
done
cat <<XML
</array>
<key>PayloadDisplayName</key>
<string>AirPrint</string>
<key>PayloadIdentifier</key>
<string>com.apple.airprint.${AIRPRINT_UUID}</string>
<key>PayloadType</key>
<string>com.apple.airprint</string>
<key>PayloadUUID</key>
<string>${AIRPRINT_UUID}</string>
<key>PayloadVersion</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>DefaultPrinter</key>
<dict>
<key>DeviceURI</key>
<string>$(printf '%s' "${URIS[0]}" | xml_escape)</string>
<key>DisplayName</key>
<string>$(printf '%s' "${Names[0]}" | xml_escape)</string>
</dict>
<key>PayloadDisplayName</key>
<string>Printing</string>
<key>PayloadIdentifier</key>
<string>com.apple.mcxprinting.${MCX_UUID}</string>
<key>PayloadType</key>
<string>com.apple.mcxprinting</string>
<key>PayloadUUID</key>
<string>${MCX_UUID}</string>
<key>PayloadVersion</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>UserPrinterList</key>
<dict>
<key>Printer</key>
<array>
XML
idx=0
for uri in "${URIS[@]}"; do
name="${Names[$idx]}"; model="${Models[$idx]}"; loc="${Locs[$idx]}"
cat <<XML
<dict>
<key>DeviceURI</key>
<string>$(printf '%s' "$uri" | xml_escape)</string>
<key>DisplayName</key>
<string>$(printf '%s' "$name" | xml_escape)</string>
<key>Location</key>
<string>$(printf '%s' "$loc" | xml_escape)</string>
<key>Model</key>
<string>$(printf '%s' "$model" | xml_escape)</string>
<key>PPDURL</key>
<string>file://localhost/System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/PrintCore.framework/Resources/Generic.ppd</string>
<key>PrinterLocked</key>
<false/>
</dict>
XML
idx=$((idx+1))
done
cat <<XML
</array>
</dict>
</dict>
</array>
<key>PayloadDisplayName</key>
<string>AirPrint</string>
<key>PayloadIdentifier</key>
<string>${ROOT_ID}</string>
<key>PayloadType</key>
<string>Configuration</string>
<key>PayloadUUID</key>
<string>${PROFILE_UUID}</string>
<key>PayloadVersion</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</plist>
XML
} > "$TMP"
plutil -lint "$TMP" >/dev/null
plutil -convert xml1 -o "$OUTPUT" "$TMP"
rm -f "$TMP"
echo "Profile generated: $OUTPUT"
echo "Default Printer: ${Names[0]} (${URIS[0]})"
cat "$OUTPUT"
Importieren Sie die Konfiguration
- Greifen Sie auf MDM > Profile zu. Wählen Sie das Profil aus, auf das Sie abzielen möchten.
- Wählen Sie Eine benutzerdefinierte MDM-Einstellung hinzufügen.
- Laden Sie die folgende .mobileconfig-Datei hoch und ersetzen Sie die Platzhalter (IP, UUID usw.) durch die Konfigurationsdetails Ihres Druckers:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN"
"http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>PayloadContent</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>AirPrint</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>ForceTLS</key>
<false/>
<key>IPAddress</key>
<string>[IP_ADDRESS]</string>
<key>Port</key>
<integer>631</integer>
<key>ResourcePath</key>
<string>[RESOURCE_PATH]</string>
</dict>
</array>
<key>PayloadDisplayName</key>
<string>AirPrint</string>
<key>PayloadIdentifier</key>
<string>com.apple.airprint.[UUID]</string>
<key>PayloadType</key>
<string>com.apple.airprint</string>
<key>PayloadUUID</key>
<string>[UUID]</string>
<key>PayloadVersion</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>DefaultPrinter</key>
<dict>
<key>DeviceURI</key>
<string>ipp://[IP_ADDRESS]/[RESOURCE_PATH]</string>
<key>DisplayName</key>
<string>[DISPLAY_NAME]</string>
</dict>
<key>PayloadDisplayName</key>
<string>Printing</string>
<key>PayloadIdentifier</key>
<string>com.apple.mcxprinting.[UUID]</string>
<key>PayloadType</key>
<string>com.apple.mcxprinting</string>
<key>PayloadUUID</key>
<string>[UUID]</string>
<key>PayloadVersion</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>UserPrinterList</key>
<dict>
<key>Printer</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>DeviceURI</key>
<string>ipp://[IP_ADDRESS]/[RESOURCE_PATH]</string>
<key>DisplayName</key>
<string>[DISPLAY_NAME]</string>
<key>Location</key>
<string>[LOCATION]</string>
<key>Model</key>
<string>[MODEL]</string>
<key>PPDURL</key>
<string>file://localhost/System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/PrintCore.framework/Resources/Generic.ppd</string>
<key>PrinterLocked</key>
<false/>
</dict>
</array>
</dict>
</dict>
</array>
<key>PayloadDisplayName</key>
<string>AirPrint</string>
<key>PayloadIdentifier</key>
<string>com.getprimo.printer.airprint</string>
<key>PayloadType</key>
<string>Configuration</string>
<key>PayloadUUID</key>
<string>[UUID]</string>
<key>PayloadVersion</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</plist>
- Speichern und bereitstellen Sie das Profil.